In general, the three classes of heirs include Quranic heirs Dhawul – Furud (i.e., fixed or prescribed sharers), Agnatic heirs Asabat (i.e., Residuaries), Uterine heirs Dhawul-arham (i.e., kins or distant Kindred). Eligibility of the inheritor through conditions has to be established first before the inheritance share is decided. Four conditions may occur regarding Islamic Inheritance. These conditions are single, multiple, zero, or one. In some situations, heirs receive a different share if they are single or multiple. For example, a Single daughter receives one-half if single and two-thirds if multiples. If the inheritor does not survive, then it will be a zero share condition. If only one inheritor survives, then he or she receives the entire share, which would be the one-inheritor condition. The following representation is for an overview, but many details are hidden behind. We suggest reading our free blogs, articles, and guide to grasp such an important topic. If you want to expand your scope of knowledge, you can consider joining a Muslim succession course. Also stay tuned for our book on Islamic inheritance law, which will be intensive if you want to get the ultimate flavor of Islamic inheritance.
We can deduce the below points from this Islamic inheritance table to help you learn Islamic inheritance law conditions.
The first column shows the Islamic inheritors' names, such as Husband, Wife, Son, Daughter, etc. Now you know the prospective inheritors who may be eligible to inherit under Muslim succession law are Spouse, Parents (or Grandparents), Children (or Grandchildren), Siblings, Consanguine male relatives, and distant kindred relatives.
The second column shows the single inheritor condition. Daughter, Daughter of Son (how low soever), Full Sister, Paternal Sister, and Maternal Sibling can receive different shares compared to multiple inheritors. For example, the Daughter receives one-half (i.e., 1/2) share if single.
The third column shows the Multiple inheritors condition. Daughters, Daughters of Sons (how low soever), Full Sisters, Paternal Sisters, and Maternal Siblings can receive share different shares compared to single inheritor condition. For example, Daughters receive two-thirds (i.e., 2/3) share if multiple.
The fourth column shows the inheritors' conditions based on their living status. For example, the Husband's share reduces from one-half (i.e., 1/2) to one-fourth (i.e., 1/4) in the presence of children or grandchildren how low soever.
Allah, the Most Glorified and the Most High, knows the best. As a human, We are limited to everything and can not perceive it in totality...